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12c推出了可插拔数据库,在一个容器cdb中以多租户的形式同时存在多个数据库pdb。在为pdb做数据泵导入导出时和传统的数据库有少许不同。
1,需要为pdb添加tansnames
2,导入导出时需要在userid参数内指定其tansnames的值,比如 userid=user/pwd@tnsname
数据泵导出
1 2 | [oracle@ test admin]$ echo $ORACLE_SID [oracle@ test admin]orcl |
登录cdb,查看pdb,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 | SQL> show con_name CON_NAME ------------------------------ CDB$ROOT SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO PDBORCL MOUNTED SQL> alter pluggable database all open ; Pluggable database altered. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO PDBORCL READ WRITE NO |
切换到pdborcl
1 2 3 4 5 | SQL> alter session set container=pdborcl; Session altered. SQL> |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | SQL> select owner, table_name from dba_tables where owner= 'SCOTT' ; OWNER TABLE_NAME ------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- SCOTT SALGRADE SCOTT BONUS SCOTT EMP SCOTT DEPT |
1 2 | SQL> grant dba to dp identified by dp; Grant succeeded. |
SQL> create or replace directory dp_dir as '/home/oracle';Directory created.SQL> exit
(如果是dba权限的这一步可以省略,为了试验的完整性这里保留)
1 2 | SQL> grant read ,write on directory dp_dir to dp; Grant succeeded. |
[oracle@xqzt admin]$ pwd/data/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin[oracle@xqzt admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /data/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = xqzt)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )PDBORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = xqzt)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =pdborcl) ) )
[oracle@xqzt admin]$ tnsping pdborclTNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 10-DEC-2015 09:10:34Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.Used parameter files:/data/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.oraUsed TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the aliasAttempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = xqzt)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =pdborcl)))OK (0 msec)
用户名密码为dp/dp,并且通过tnsnames指向pdborcl
数据泵目录为:dp_dir, OS路径是/home/oracle
导出文件为:/home/oracle/scott_pdborcl.dmp
导出日志为:/home/oracle/scott_pdborcl.log
导出模式为scheme,也可以理解为用户:scott
[oracle@xqzt ~]$ expdp dp/dp@pdborcl directory=dp_dir dumpfile=scott_pdborcl.dmp logfile=scott_pdborcl.log schemas=scottExport: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Thu Dec 10 09:32:05 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing optionsStarting "DP"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": dp/********@pdborcl directory=dp_dir dumpfile=scott_pdborcl.dmp logfile=scott_pdborcl.log schemas=scott Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATATotal estimation using BLOCKS method: 192 KBProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USERProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLEProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMAProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLEProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEXProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICSProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICSProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/STATISTICS/MARKER. . exported "SCOTT"."DEPT" 6.023 KB 4 rows. . exported "SCOTT"."EMP" 8.773 KB 14 rows. . exported "SCOTT"."SALGRADE" 6.023 KB 10 rows. . exported "SCOTT"."BONUS" 0 KB 0 rowsMaster table "DP"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded******************************************************************************Dump file set for DP.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is: /home/oracle/scott_pdborcl.dmpJob "DP"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at Thu Dec 10 09:32:29 2015 elapsed 0 00:00:21[oracle@xqzt ~]$
[oracle@xqzt ~]$ ls -l scott_pdborcl.dmp scott_pdborcl.log-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 356352 12月 10 09:32 scott_pdborcl.dmp-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1960 12月 10 09:32 scott_pdborcl.log
SQL> select count(*) from scott.DEPT; COUNT(*)----------SQL> drop user scott cascade ;User dropped.SQL>
此时访问该用户的表已经不存在了
SQL> select count(*) from scott.DEPT;select count(*) from scott.DEPT *ERROR at line 1:ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
[oracle@xqzt ~]$ impdp dp/dp@pdborcl directory=dp_dir dumpfile=scott_pdborcl.dmp logfile=scott_pdborcl_imp.log schemas=scottImport: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Thu Dec 10 09:39:02 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing optionsMaster table "DP"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloadedStarting "DP"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01": dp/********@pdborcl directory=dp_dir dumpfile=scott_pdborcl.dmp logfile=scott_pdborcl_imp.log schemas=scott Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USERProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLEProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMAProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLEProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA. . imported "SCOTT"."DEPT" 6.023 KB 4 rows. . imported "SCOTT"."EMP" 8.773 KB 14 rows. . imported "SCOTT"."SALGRADE" 6.023 KB 10 rows. . imported "SCOTT"."BONUS" 0 KB 0 rowsProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEXProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICSProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINTProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICSProcessing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/STATISTICS/MARKERJob "DP"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at Thu Dec 10 09:39:06 2015 elapsed 0 00:00:04[oracle@xqzt ~]$
13、 测试导入结果
SQL> select count(*) from scott.DEPT; COUNT(*)---------- 4
导入成功!